Example (Microsoft SQL Server):
CREATE TABLE foo (a INT, b INT)
ALTER TABLE foo ADD c INT NOT NULL;
By default, a column holds NULL values. In the example, we use the NOT NULL constraint that enforces a column not to accept NULL values. If we prohibit to use NULL values, we must set the DEFAULT value that SQL can use when we create a new record.
ALTER TABLE foo ADD c INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 42;
You can quickly add the DEFAULT value by using the Add DEFAULT value quick-fix.